{
  "threat_severity" : "Important",
  "public_date" : "2026-04-06T00:00:00Z",
  "bugzilla" : {
    "description" : "libcap: libcap: Privilege escalation via TOCTOU race condition in cap_set_file()",
    "id" : "2451615",
    "url" : "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615"
  },
  "cvss3" : {
    "cvss3_base_score" : "6.7",
    "cvss3_scoring_vector" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "status" : "verified"
  },
  "cwe" : "CWE-367",
  "details" : [ "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.", "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation." ],
  "statement" : "This is an Important flaw. A Time-of-Check-to-Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition in libcap's cap_set_file() allows a local unprivileged user to escalate privileges. An attacker with write access to a parent directory can exploit a narrow window during file capability updates to redirect capabilities to an attacker-controlled file. This can lead to the injection of elevated privileges into an unintended executable when privileged processes, such as setcap or container tooling, invoke cap_set_file() on attacker-influenced paths.",
  "acknowledgement" : "Red Hat would like to thank Ali Raza for reporting this issue.",
  "affected_release" : [ {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10",
    "release_date" : "2026-04-30T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:12423",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.69-7.el10_1.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-19T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:19130",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.69-7.el10_2.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-20T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:19456",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.69-7.el10_0.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-04T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:13285",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-6.el8_10.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-08T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:24346",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-4.el8_6.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-08T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:24346",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-4.el8_6.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-03T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:22957",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-5.el8_8.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-03T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:22957",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-5.el8_8.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9",
    "release_date" : "2026-04-30T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:12441",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-10.el9_7.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-19T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:19346",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-10.el9_8.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9",
    "release_date" : "2026-04-30T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:12441",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-10.el9_7.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-19T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:19346",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-10.el9_8.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:21254",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-9.el9_2.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-26T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:20595",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-9.el9_4.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-20T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:19458",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6",
    "package" : "libcap-0:2.48-9.el9_6.1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-11T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:23233",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9",
    "package" : "rhcos-415.92.202606030318-0"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-18T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:25044",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9",
    "package" : "rhcos-416.94.202606051757-0"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-17T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:25181",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9",
    "package" : "rhcos-418.94.202606051320-0"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-10T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:23245",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9",
    "package" : "rhcos-4.19.9.6.202606031700-0"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Cost Management 4",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-22T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:27998",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:cost_management:4::el9",
    "package" : "costmanagement/costmanagement-metrics-rhel9-operator:1780946239"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-10T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:25096",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9",
    "package" : "rhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9:1780681984"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Discovery 2",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-07T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:14937",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9",
    "package" : "discovery/discovery-server-rhel9:1778101579"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Discovery 2",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-07T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:14937",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:discovery:2::el9",
    "package" : "discovery/discovery-ui-rhel9:1778156756"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Hardened Images",
    "release_date" : "2026-04-10T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:7473",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1",
    "package" : "libcap-main-2.78-1.1.hum1"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5",
    "release_date" : "2026-06-02T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:22634",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:insights_proxy:1.5::el9",
    "package" : "insights-proxy/insights-proxy-container-rhel9:1780420428"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-06T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:14162",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9",
    "package" : "rhosdt/opentelemetry-collector-rhel9:1778056267"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-06T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:14162",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9",
    "package" : "rhosdt/opentelemetry-rhel9-operator:1778056233"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat OpenShift distributed tracing 3.9.3",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-06T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:14162",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_distributed_tracing:3.9::el9",
    "package" : "rhosdt/opentelemetry-target-allocator-rhel9:1778056245"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:21275",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9",
    "package" : "rhui5/cds-rhel9:1779798159"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:21275",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9",
    "package" : "rhui5/haproxy-rhel9:1779798164"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:21275",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9",
    "package" : "rhui5/installer-rhel9:1779798165"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5",
    "release_date" : "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "advisory" : "RHSA-2026:21275",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9",
    "package" : "rhui5/rhua-rhel9:1779798222"
  } ],
  "package_state" : [ {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6",
    "fix_state" : "Out of support scope",
    "package_name" : "compat-libcap1",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6",
    "fix_state" : "Out of support scope",
    "package_name" : "libcap",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7",
    "fix_state" : "Out of support scope",
    "package_name" : "compat-libcap1",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"
  }, {
    "product_name" : "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7",
    "fix_state" : "Out of support scope",
    "package_name" : "libcap",
    "cpe" : "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"
  } ],
  "references" : [ "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4878\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4878\nhttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554" ],
  "name" : "CVE-2026-4878",
  "mitigation" : {
    "value" : "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.",
    "lang" : "en:us"
  },
  "csaw" : false
}