CVE-2025-27407

Public on

Last Modified: UTC

Important Important Impact What does this mean?
8.5 CVSS v3 Base Score

Description

A flaw was found in graphql-ruby. In affected versions of graphq-ruby, loading a malicious schema definition in the GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection or the GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load can cause remote code execution. Any system that loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection.

Statement

This vulnerability is marked as Important rather than Critical because interaction with the vulnerable GraphQL library is restricted to only authenticated users in Red Hat Satellite. Satellite does not dynamically load schemas from external sources, further reducing the feasibility of exploitation.

Mitigation

A successful exploitation of this flaw requires GraphQL schema loading. Limiting the schema loading to trusted or authenticated users will limit the impact of the vulnerability. Coupling that with a strict input validation for all GraphQL schema being loaded would reduce the risk of a successful attack and cover as a possible mitigation strategy for this vulnerability.

Additional Information

External References

Content from www.cve.org is not included.https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-27407

Content from nvd.nist.gov is not included.https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27407

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/github-community-projects/graphql-client

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/28233b16c0eb9d0fb7808f4980e061dc7507c4cd

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/2d2f4ed1f79472f8eed29c864b039649e1de238f

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/5c5a7b9a9bdce143be048074aea50edb7bb747be

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/6eca16b9fa553aa957099a30dbde64ddcdac52ca

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d0963289e0dab4ea893bbecf12bb7d89294957bb

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d1117ae0361d9ed67e0795b07f5c3e98e62f3c7c

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/e3b33ace05391da2871c75ab4d3b66e29133b367

Content from github.com is not included.https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/security/advisories/GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492

Affected Packages and Issued Red Hat Security Errata

Products / Services Components State Errata
Red Hat Satellite 6.14 for RHEL 8 rubygem-graphql Fixed RHSA-2025:3492
Red Hat Satellite 6.15 for RHEL 8 rubygem-graphql Fixed RHSA-2025:3491
Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8 rubygem-graphql Fixed RHSA-2025:3490
Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9 rubygem-graphql Fixed RHSA-2025:3490
Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9 rubygem-graphql Fixed RHSA-2025:4576
Unless explicitly stated as not affected, all previous versions of packages in any minor update stream of a product listed here should be assumed vulnerable, although may not have been subject to full analysis.

Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) Score Details

Important note

CVSS scores for open source components depend on vendor-specific factors (e.g. version or build chain). Therefore, Red Hat's score and impact rating can be different from NVD and other vendors. Red Hat remains the authoritative CVE Naming Authorities (CNA) source for its products and services (see Red Hat classifications ).

CVSS v3 Score Breakdown Red Hat NVD
CVSS v3 Base Score 8.5
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity High
Privileges Required Low
User Interaction None
Scope Changed
Confidentiality Impact High
Integrity Impact High
Availability Impact High

CVSS v3 Vector

Red Hat CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Red Hat's CVSS v3 score or Impact different from other vendors?

 For open source software shipped by multiple vendors, the CVSS base scores may vary for each vendor's version depending on the version they ship, how they ship it, the platform, and even how the software is compiled. This makes scoring of vulnerabilities difficult for third-party vulnerability databases such as NVD that only provide a single CVSS base score for each vulnerability. Red Hat scores reflect how a vulnerability affects our products specifically.

For more information, see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/762393.

My product is listed as "Under investigation" or "Affected", when will Red Hat release a fix for this vulnerability?
  • "Under investigation" doesn't necessarily mean that the product is affected by this vulnerability. It only means that our Analysis Team is still working on determining whether the product is affected and how it is affected.
  • "Affected" means that our Analysis Team has determined that this product is affected by this vulnerability and might release a fix to address this in the near future.

What can I do if my product is listed as "Will not fix"?

 A "will not fix" status means that a fix for an affected product version is not planned or not possible due to complexity, which may create additional risk.

Available options depend mostly on the Impact of the vulnerability and the current Life Cycle phase of your product. Overall, you have the following options:
  • Upgrade to a supported product version that includes a fix for this vulnerability (recommended).
  • Apply a mitigation (if one exists).
  • Open a This content is not included.support case to request a prioritization of releasing a fix for this vulnerability.

What can I do if my product is listed as "Fix deferred"?

 A deferred status means that a fix for an affected product version is not guaranteed due to higher-priority development work.

Available options depend mostly on the Impact of the vulnerability and the current Life Cycle phase of your product. Overall, you have the following options:
  • Apply a mitigation (if one exists).
  • Open a This content is not included.support case to request a prioritization of releasing a fix for this vulnerability.
  • Red Hat Engineering focuses on addressing high-priority issues based on their complexity or limited lifecycle support. Therefore, lower-priority issues will not receive immediate fixes.

What is a mitigation?

 A mitigation is an action that can be taken to reduce the impact of a security vulnerability, without deploying any fixes.

I have a Red Hat product but it is not in the above list, is it affected?

 The listed products were found to include one or more of the components that this vulnerability affects. These products underwent a thorough evaluation to determine their affectedness by this vulnerability. Note that layered products (such as container-based offerings) that consume affected components from any of the products listed in this table may be affected and are not represented.

Why is my security scanner reporting my product as vulnerable to this vulnerability even though my product version is fixed or not affected?

 In order to maintain code stability and compatibility, Red Hat usually does not rebase packages to entirely new versions. Instead, we backport fixes and new features to an older version of the package we distribute. This can result in some security scanners that only consider the package version to report the package as vulnerable. To avoid this, we suggest that you use an approved vulnerability scanner from our This content is not included.Red Hat Vulnerability Scanner Certification program.

My product is listed as "Out of Support Scope". What does this mean?

 When a product is listed as "Out of Support Scope", it means a vulnerability with the impact level assigned to this CVE is no longer covered by its current support lifecycle phase. The product has been identified to contain the impacted component, but analysis to determine whether it is affected or not by this vulnerability was not performed. The product should be assumed to be affected. Customers are advised to apply any mitigation options documented on this page, consider removing or disabling the impacted component, or upgrade to a supported version of the product that has an update available.