Question regarding tuned profiles and elevator deadline

Environment

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.0

Issue

• On all the "performance" related tuned profiles (thoughput/latency performance and enterprise-storage), the elevator is set to deadline. The implication then is that if you are concerned about performance that elevator should be used across the board. Would there be any reason to use CFQ under such a configuration ? If deadline is more efficient, it could lower powerdraw by getting the data the CPU needs faster thereby letting the CPU sleep more once its work is done.

Resolution

The Completely Fair Queuing (CFQ) scheduler is the default algorithm in Red Hat Enterprise Linux. As the name implies, CFQ maintains a scalable per-process I/O queue and attempts to distribute the available I/O bandwidth equally among all I/O requests. CFQ is well suited for mid-to-large multi-processor systems and for systems which require balanced I/O performance over multiple LUNs and I/O controllers.

The Deadline elevator uses a deadline algorithm to minimize I/O latency for a given I/O request. The scheduler provides near real-time behavior and uses a round robin policy to attempt to be fair among multiple I/O requests and to avoid process starvation. Using five I/O queues, this scheduler will aggressively re-order requests to improve I/O performance.

The CFQ scheduler was chosen as the default since it offers the highest performance for the widest range of applications and I/O system designs. We have seen CFQ excel in both throughput and latency on multi-processor systems with up to 16-CPUs and for systems with 2 to 64 LUNs for both UltraSCSI and Fiber Channel disk farms. In addition, CFQ is easy to tune by adjusting the nr_requests parameter in /proc/sys/scsi subsystem to match the capabilities of any given I/O subsystem.

The Deadline scheduler excelled at attempting to reduce the latency of any given single I/O for real-time like environments. A problem which depends on an even balance of transactions across multiple HBA, drives or multiple file systems may not always do best with the Deadline scheduler. The Oracle 10G OLTP load using 10 simultaneous users spread over eight LUNs showed improvement using Deadline relative to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3's I/O elevator, but was still 12.5% lower than CFQ.

This solution is part of Red Hat’s fast-track publication program, providing a huge library of solutions that Red Hat engineers have created while supporting our customers. To give you the knowledge you need the instant it becomes available, these articles may be presented in a raw and unedited form.